General Info
Pediatric Orthopedics
Pediatric orthopedics is a medical field focused on diagnosing and appropriately treating diseases of joints, bones, and muscles in children. Since children's bodies are still growing, their muscles, joints, and bone structures differ significantly from those of adults. If a child develops limb-related issues, pediatricians often refer them to pediatric orthopedic specialists. These specialists treat patients ranging from infants to teenagers. After detailed testing and comprehensive evaluation, the specialist devises an appropriate treatment plan, often in collaboration with the family, as their support is crucial for the success of the treatment. When necessary, pediatric orthopedic specialists perform surgeries.
Children's bodies undergo significant changes during growth, and parents may sometimes confuse growing pains with abnormal orthopedic conditions. Therefore, consulting a pediatrician before visiting a pediatric orthopedist can help better understand the situation. The Pediatric Orthopedics Department treats diseases from the newborn stage through adolescence. Following detailed examinations and evaluations, a treatment roadmap is created for the child, and parents are thoroughly informed to ensure active involvement in the recovery process.
What Conditions Does the Pediatric Orthopedics Unit Treat?
The Pediatric Orthopedics Department manages orthopedic diseases in individuals under 18. Treatments include traumatic and surgical interventions and medication management. If necessary, the attending physician may collaborate with other specialties, such as pediatric cardiology, for a multidisciplinary approach. Conditions treated include:
Limb Anomalies in Newborns
Limb abnormalities in newborns may include missing parts, extra parts, malformed parts, or poorly functioning tissues. These anomalies may result from genetic or environmental factors. Diagnosis is generally made at birth, followed by appropriate treatment.
Birth Paralysis
Birth paralysis occurs due to impaired strength or control in certain muscles or muscle groups in newborns, often resulting from damage to nerve cells leading to the brain. Causes include prolonged labor, breech birth, large head size, excessive force during delivery, or oxygen deprivation. Types of paralysis include:
- Partial Paralysis: Limited muscle control.
- Complete Paralysis: Total lack of muscle movement.
- Temporary Paralysis: Partial or complete muscle control recovery.
- Permanent Paralysis: Irreversible loss of muscle control.
- Flaccid Paralysis: Characterized by relaxed and atrophied muscles.
- Spastic Paralysis: Muscles are tight and rigid.
Clubfoot
Clubfoot is a common condition in infants where one or both feet turn inward. It may be detected via ultrasound during pregnancy and results from genetic or environmental factors.
Neck Curvature
This congenital or acquired condition involves shortening of muscles on one side of the neck, causing the head to tilt toward the shortened side. Causes include birth trauma or fetal positioning.
Scoliosis
Congenital scoliosis occurs when a baby’s spine does not develop properly in the womb. The severity can range from mild to severe, often associated with issues in the kidneys, bladder, or nervous system.
Hip Dislocation and Developmental Dysplasia
Hip dislocation in children results from improper development of the hip joint. Diagnosis is typically made through hip ultrasonography, which pediatric orthopedic specialists perform in detail.
Flat Feet
Flat feet in children occur when the arch does not develop properly. While normal in infants, it may persist due to genetic or environmental factors. Symptoms include pain, swelling, and tight heel cords after activity.
Spina Bifida
Spina bifida is a birth defect affecting the spine, caused by incomplete closure of the neural tube. It can result in nerve damage and physical or cognitive disabilities, with treatment varying based on severity.
Bone Cysts and Tumors
Bone cysts and tumors in children may develop due to genetic or environmental factors. While most cysts are benign, tumors require multidisciplinary management.
Fractures and Dislocations
Fractures are common in children due to their high activity levels. Fractures range from mild to severe, and open fractures may require hospitalization. Dislocations involve separation of connected bones and are also prevalent in children.
Sports Injuries
Sports injuries in children and adolescents must be promptly and appropriately treated.
Torticollis (Wry Neck)
Torticollis is caused by issues in the neck muscles and can be congenital or develop later during infancy or childhood.
Treatment Methods in Pediatric Orthopedics
Pediatric orthopedic treatments include surgical and non-surgical methods tailored to various conditions such as scoliosis, fractures, tumors, and congenital disorders. Treatments include:
Casting
Used for fractures to immobilize the bone and promote healing. Casting also treats congenital deformities.
Pavlik Harness
This method treats hip dislocations in infants during the first month, gently positioning the hips to ensure proper joint development.
Exercise and Massage Therapies
These therapies alleviate discomfort caused by muscle and bone issues and improve muscle tone and alignment.
Taping
This method addresses muscle and bone imbalances while supporting circulation and relieving pain.
Surgical Interventions
Surgery is considered when non-surgical methods fail. It treats advanced hip dislocations, walking abnormalities, and fractures, aiming to correct deformities and prevent future complications.
If your child has an orthopedic condition, consult a pediatric orthopedist for detailed information and treatment using the latest scientific methods.
This content was developed with contributions from the Medical Park Editorial Board. The information provided is for informational purposes only and does not include therapeutic health service-related details. Please consult your physician for diagnosis and treatment.
